PENGEMBANGAN ASESMEN HIGHER ORDER THINKING SKILLS (HOTS) DI SEKOLAH DASAR

Abstract

This study aims to examine the development of Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) assessment in elementary schools through a literature review approach. HOTS assessment is an evaluation form that goes beyond memorization and emphasizes analytical, evaluative, and creative abilities according to Bloom's revised taxonomy. The results of the study indicate that HOTS-based assessments can improve critical thinking quality, problem-solving skills, and meaningful learning engagement of students. However, the implementation of HOTS assessment in elementary schools still faces various challenges, including the limited ability of teachers in constructing HOTS questions, the absence of clear standards for HOTS assessment instruments, and the low understanding of students toward complex cognitive demands. The development of HOTS assessment requires strong collaboration between teachers, school principals, and education policymakers. The integration of technology, authentic assessment, and sustainable teacher training programs are key strategies that need to be implemented. This study recommends a structured and sustainable approach in developing HOTS assessment to improve the quality of education in Indonesian elementary schools.