Optimalisasi Sistem Pemasyarakatan Melalui Pendekatan Community Based Correction di Berbagai Negara Dunia

Abstract

This study explores the shift from conventional incarceration systems to Community-Based Correction (CBC) as a more humane and effective approach to offender rehabilitation. Traditional prisons often fail to reintegrate inmates and instead exacerbate issues such as overcrowding, violence, and prisonization. CBC offers an alternative grounded in restorative justice through non-custodial methods such as community service, electronic monitoring, and probation. Using a post-positivist qualitative method, the study analyzes secondary data from legal texts, academic journals, and case studies across several countries. The Netherlands integrates community service as a primary sentence within a flexible legal framework; Canada emphasizes probation and offender accountability through restorative justice; New Zealand applies structured programs like community work and electronic supervision; while Indonesia’s CBC is limited to assimilation and open prisons, with minimal public involvement. The findings highlight CBC's success in reducing recidivism and prison overcrowding