Peran Eritpoietin Hasil Ekspresi Gen Epo Terhadap Peningkatan Oksigen dan Implikasinya Terhadap Penderita Hipoksia

Rinaldi Masdar; Rizky Aprilliani Nurdin; Yusminah Hala

doi:10.33627/oz.v14i1.3204

Rinaldi Masdar Universitas Negeri Makassar
Rizky Aprilliani Nurdin Universitas Negeri Makassar
Yusminah Hala Universitas Negeri Makassar

DOI: https://doi.org/10.33627/oz.v14i1.3204

Keywords: Eritropoietin, Ekspresi gen EPO, Hipoksia, Regulasi oksigen, Terapi rEPO

Abstract

Hipoksia adalah kondisi yang terjadi karena rendahnya kadar oksigen dalam jaringan tubuh, yang dapat menyebabkan berbagai masalah kesehatan. Eritropoietin (EPO) adalah hormon yang mengatur produksi sel darah merah dan membantu meningkatkan kemampuan darah membawa oksigen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi peran ekspresi gen EPO dalam meningkatkan oksigenasi jaringan dan dampaknya pada penderita hipoksia melalui tinjauan literatur ilmiah. Metode penelitian melibatkan tinjauan literatur dengan 19 Jurnal menggunakan database Scopus dan PubMed, dengan fokus pada artikel yang membahas EPO dan hipoksia. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa pada orang dewasa sehat, tubuh memproduksi 200 miliar sel darah merah setiap hari, dikendalikan oleh deteksi oksigen. EPO diproduksi di ginjal dan hati, terutama dalam kondisi hipoksia. Pemberian EPO rekombinan dapat meningkatkan kadar hemoglobin dan oksigenasi jaringan, serta memiliki efek positif pada aliran darah dan perlindungan otak. Implikasi penelitian mencakup peningkatan kadar EPO alami untuk mendukung penyandang PPOK, penggunaan EPO rekombinan dalam pengobatan anemia, dan peran EPO dalam pemulihan jantung setelah serangan iskemik. Meskipun ada potensi terapi berbasis EPO, tantangan seperti risiko polisitemia dan hipertensi tetap ada. Penelitian lebih lanjut diperlukan untuk menemukan cara yang aman untuk meningkatkan ekspresi EPO.

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