Kajian Etnosains Dalam Proses Pembuatan Batik Incung Di Kota Sungai Penuh Sebagai Materi Pembelajaran
Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi prinsip-prinsip etnosains yang terkandung dalam proses pembuatan Batik Aksara Incung di Kota Sungai Penuh serta menelaah potensinya sebagai sumber pembelajaran biologi berbasis budaya lokal. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologis, melalui teknik pengumpulan data berupa observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Informan penelitian terdiri dari tiga pihak utama, yaitu tokoh budaya, pemilik sanggar, dan pengrajin batik. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif dengan cara merekonstruksi pengetahuan lokal menjadi konsep ilmiah yang relevan dengan kajian biologi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa para pengrajin memanfaatkan bahan alami seperti akar mengkudu (Morinda citrifolia) dan kulit kayu tingi (Ceriops candolleana) sebagai sumber pewarna ramah lingkungan yang secara ilmiah mengandung pigmen antosianin, tanin, dan klorofil. Proses pewarnaan dan pembuatan batik tersebut mencerminkan berbagai konsep biologi, antara lain adaptasi (suhu penggunaan malam), morfologi dan fisiologi tumbuhan (motif daun dalam membatik), serta reaksi kimia (pewarnaan kain). Temuan ini mengindikasikan bahwa kegiatan membatik berpotensi besar digunakan sebagai media pembelajaran kontekstual yang tidak hanya meningkatkan literasi sains dan keterampilan proses siswa, tetapi juga menumbuhkan sikap peduli terhadap pelestarian budaya lokal.
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References
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